{"created":"2023-11-13T04:55:02.114996+00:00","id":2000064,"links":{},"metadata":{"_buckets":{"deposit":"479c2d70-408d-4f2e-a5cd-d461f262c270"},"_deposit":{"created_by":10,"id":"2000064","owner":"10","owners":[10],"pid":{"revision_id":0,"type":"depid","value":"2000064"},"status":"published"},"_oai":{"id":"oai:takushoku-u.repo.nii.ac.jp:02000064","sets":["2:18:19:1699849459095"]},"author_link":["294"],"control_number":"2000064","item_10002_biblio_info_7":{"attribute_name":"書誌情報","attribute_value_mlt":[{"bibliographicIssueDates":{"bibliographicIssueDate":"2023-10-31","bibliographicIssueDateType":"Issued"},"bibliographicIssueNumber":"1","bibliographicPageEnd":"46","bibliographicPageStart":"17","bibliographicVolumeNumber":"26","bibliographic_titles":[{"bibliographic_title":"拓殖大学論集. 政治・経済・法律研究","bibliographic_titleLang":"ja"},{"bibliographic_title":"The review of Takushoku University : Politics, economics and law","bibliographic_titleLang":"en"}]}]},"item_10002_description_5":{"attribute_name":"抄録","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_description":"1970年代アメリカでは犯罪激増状況の中で，旧来の警察活動ではこの状況に対処できないとして，新しい警察活動が提案された。これは問題指向（problem-oriented）型と呼ばれ，たんに警察は発生した犯罪に対応するだけの方策を改め，その根本原因である地域問題の解決をめざす警察内部の意識改革が必要であるとされた。その後，若干の変遷を経て，現代では，問題解決(problem-solving) 型警察活動が世界的な広がりを見せている。問題指向型は警察内部の意識改革を刺激するものであったが，問題解決型は実際に地域問題を解決して，住民の不安感を緩和し，「生活の質」を向上させるというきわめて実践的であるという点に違いがある。\n他方で，現代において，AI活用による犯罪予測業務も警察活動の一部になりつつあり，英米を中心に発展している。わが国でも若干の都道府県警察で犯罪予測が実務上取り入れられ，稼働している。なかでも一部の警察は，予測された地域における警察パトロールの強化にとどまらず，当該地域に根を張る犯罪原因を解決して，持続可能な地域安全を図る試みを検討している。\nもっとも，問題解決型活動は警察だけで実施するのは困難であり，多機関協働など多くの課題が横たわる。実際，わが国では，問題解決型活動の導入が進んでいるとはいえず，今後は，英米の事例などを学び，この活動を推進すべきと思われる。そこで、本稿では，問題解決型警察活動の推進に向け，どのような課題を解決しなければならないかを検討する。","subitem_description_language":"ja","subitem_description_type":"Abstract"}]},"item_10002_full_name_3":{"attribute_name":"著者（英）","attribute_value_mlt":[{"affiliations":[{"affiliationNames":[{"lang":"ja"}],"nameIdentifiers":[{"nameIdentifierScheme":"ISNI","nameIdentifierURI":"http://www.isni.org/isni/"}]}]}]},"item_10002_publisher_8":{"attribute_name":"出版者","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_publisher":"拓殖大学政治経済研究所"}]},"item_10002_source_id_9":{"attribute_name":"ISSN","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_source_identifier":"13446630","subitem_source_identifier_type":"PISSN"}]},"item_10002_subject_21":{"attribute_name":"日本十進分類法","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_subject":"317.7","subitem_subject_language":"ja","subitem_subject_scheme":"NDC"}]},"item_10002_text_24":{"attribute_name":"種別","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_text_language":"ja","subitem_text_value":"論文 / Article"}]},"item_10002_version_type_20":{"attribute_name":"著者版フラグ","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_version_resource":"http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85","subitem_version_type":"VoR"}]},"item_creator":{"attribute_name":"著者","attribute_type":"creator","attribute_value_mlt":[{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"渡邉, 泰洋","creatorNameLang":"ja"},{"creatorName":"ワタナベ, ヤスヒロ","creatorNameLang":"ja-Kana"},{"creatorName":"Watanabe, Yasuhiro","creatorNameLang":"en"}],"familyNames":[{"familyName":"渡邉","familyNameLang":"ja"},{"familyName":"ワタナベ","familyNameLang":"ja-Kana"},{"familyName":"Watanabe","familyNameLang":"en"}],"givenNames":[{"givenName":"泰洋","givenNameLang":"ja"},{"givenName":"ヤスヒロ","givenNameLang":"ja-Kana"},{"givenName":"Yasuhiro","givenNameLang":"en"}],"nameIdentifiers":[{"nameIdentifier":"294","nameIdentifierScheme":"WEKO"}]}]},"item_files":{"attribute_name":"ファイル情報","attribute_type":"file","attribute_value_mlt":[{"accessrole":"open_access","date":[{"dateType":"Available","dateValue":"2023-11-13"}],"filename":"sk2601_02.pdf","filesize":[{"value":"1.2 MB"}],"format":"application/pdf","mimetype":"application/pdf","url":{"label":"現代における問題解決型警察活動の意義","url":"https://takushoku-u.repo.nii.ac.jp/record/2000064/files/sk2601_02.pdf"},"version_id":"61290db2-0ecf-4c04-9adb-92e9ec4da809"}]},"item_keyword":{"attribute_name":"キーワード","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_subject":"問題解決型警察活動","subitem_subject_language":"ja","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"警察改革","subitem_subject_language":"ja","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"犯罪予測","subitem_subject_language":"ja","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"AI活用","subitem_subject_language":"ja","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"多機関協働","subitem_subject_language":"ja","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"}]},"item_language":{"attribute_name":"言語","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_language":"jpn"}]},"item_resource_type":{"attribute_name":"資源タイプ","attribute_value_mlt":[{"resourcetype":"departmental bulletin paper","resourceuri":"http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501"}]},"item_title":"現代における問題解決型警察活動の意義 ～‘reactive’から‘proactive’へ～","item_titles":{"attribute_name":"タイトル","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_title":"現代における問題解決型警察活動の意義 ～‘reactive’から‘proactive’へ～","subitem_title_language":"ja"},{"subitem_title":"What Makes the Problem-Solving Policing Work? 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