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科学の軍事化はどのようにして生じたか ―カリフォルニア大学の場合を中心に―
https://takushoku-u.repo.nii.ac.jp/records/161
https://takushoku-u.repo.nii.ac.jp/records/161bbdecfbd-0b7e-415a-939b-0629b64df5c0
| 名前 / ファイル | ライセンス | アクション |
|---|---|---|
How Science Became Militarize (502.0 kB)
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| Item type | 紀要論文 / Departmental Bulletin Paper(1) | |||||||||||||
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| 公開日 | 2018-11-12 | |||||||||||||
| タイトル | ||||||||||||||
| タイトル | 科学の軍事化はどのようにして生じたか ―カリフォルニア大学の場合を中心に― | |||||||||||||
| 言語 | ja | |||||||||||||
| タイトル | ||||||||||||||
| タイトル | How Science Became Militarized : The Case of the University of California at Berkeley | |||||||||||||
| 言語 | en | |||||||||||||
| 言語 | ||||||||||||||
| 言語 | eng | |||||||||||||
| キーワード | ||||||||||||||
| 言語 | en | |||||||||||||
| 主題Scheme | Other | |||||||||||||
| 主題 | Militarization of Science | |||||||||||||
| キーワード | ||||||||||||||
| 言語 | en | |||||||||||||
| 主題Scheme | Other | |||||||||||||
| 主題 | University of California in the 1930s | |||||||||||||
| キーワード | ||||||||||||||
| 言語 | en | |||||||||||||
| 主題Scheme | Other | |||||||||||||
| 主題 | Big Science | |||||||||||||
| キーワード | ||||||||||||||
| 言語 | en | |||||||||||||
| 主題Scheme | Other | |||||||||||||
| 主題 | Cyclotron | |||||||||||||
| キーワード | ||||||||||||||
| 言語 | en | |||||||||||||
| 主題Scheme | Other | |||||||||||||
| 主題 | Research Contract | |||||||||||||
| キーワード | ||||||||||||||
| 言語 | en | |||||||||||||
| 主題Scheme | Other | |||||||||||||
| 主題 | Military-Industrial-Academic Complex | |||||||||||||
| 資源タイプ | ||||||||||||||
| 資源タイプ識別子 | http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 | |||||||||||||
| 資源タイプ | departmental bulletin paper | |||||||||||||
| 種別 | ||||||||||||||
| 値 | 論文 / Article | |||||||||||||
| 著者 |
日野川, 静枝
× 日野川, 静枝
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| 抄録 | ||||||||||||||
| 内容記述タイプ | Abstract | |||||||||||||
| 内容記述 | This paper will examine how science became militarized, focusing on a few years from the late 1930s, when the plan to construct the 184-inch cyclotron emerged, through the early 1940s, when the University of California set up a system to mobilize for war. Part I will describe the close relationship that grew up between Ernest O. Lawrence（1901_1958）, inventor of the cyclotron and head of the Berkeley Radiation Laboratory（the Rad Lab）, and his supporter Alfred Lee Loomis（1887_1975）, who, as an investment banker and amateur scientist, brought Lawrence into contact with industrialists in the course of developing the 184-inch cyclotron. Part II discusses the way Loomis brought Lawrence into the web of military-industrial ties. The urgent need to develop a high-power, high-frequency oscillation tube, which was a component technology needed for both radar and the cyclotron, provided common ground for getting Lawrence involved in defense research. Part III will focus on the question of overhead to explore the University of California's handling of defense research contracts at a time when the government was creating a system to mobilize science and engineering for the war. This process led to the development of big science, which has the following three characteristics: the development of equipment that utilizes advanced technology; the need for enormous research funds; and the organization of researchers and thorough division of labor in the laboratory. Each of these characteristics engenders another aspect: The first leads to close cooperation between the research laboratory and industry in developing the technology; the second invites investment by huge foundations and contracts with the government and the military; and the third makes it impossible for researchers to continue their research except as part of a project and team, thereby robbing them of their independence. Some of the changes in the socioeconomic foundations of science and technology that were promoted by a special kind of coercion during the war became built into the postwar social structure in the form of the military-industrial-academic complex, making it impossible to think of postwar policy without them. |
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| 言語 | en | |||||||||||||
| 書誌情報 |
拓殖大学論集. 人文・自然・人間科学研究 en : The journal of humanities and sciences 巻 40, p. 1-24, 発行日 2018-11-10 |
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| 出版者 | ||||||||||||||
| 出版者 | 拓殖大学人文科学研究所 | |||||||||||||
| ISSN | ||||||||||||||
| 収録物識別子タイプ | PISSN | |||||||||||||
| 収録物識別子 | 13446622 | |||||||||||||
| 著者版フラグ | ||||||||||||||
| 出版タイプ | VoR | |||||||||||||
| 出版タイプResource | http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85 | |||||||||||||
| 日本十進分類法 | ||||||||||||||
| 主題Scheme | NDC | |||||||||||||
| 主題 | 409.53 | |||||||||||||
